THE KALĀLAH AND HUMAN RIGHTS AN ISLAMIC LEGAL PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

Indonesia

Konsep kalâlah dalam hukum waris Islam menyangkut hak-hak waris individu yang meninggal tanpa meninggalkan ayah atau anak. Topik ini penting karena pembagian harta waris dalam kalâlah sering menimbulkan perdebatan terkait dengan kesetaraan gender dan hak asasi manusia (HAM). Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana hukum waris Islam, khususnya dalam konteks kalâlah, dapat diselaraskan dengan prinsip-prinsip HAM seperti kesetaraan gender dan nondiskriminasi. Metode penelitian melibatkan analisis teks-teks Al-Qur'an, Hadis, dan interpretasi ulama klasik dan kontemporer, dikombinasikan dengan studi kasus dari beberapa negara Muslim. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun hukum waris Islam memiliki ketentuan yang ketat, masih ada ruang untuk reformasi melalui ijtihad dan adaptasi hukum terhadap konteks sosial yang berubah. Kesimpulannya, penerapan prinsip-prinsip HAM dalam hukum waris Islam dapat dicapai melalui revisi hukum, pendidikan dan sosialisasi yang intensif, dan peran aktif ulama dan pemimpin agama dalam mempromosikan interpretasi hukum yang lebih inklusif dan adil. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan baru terhadap literatur tentang hukum waris Islam dan SDM dengan menawarkan rekomendasi praktis untuk reformasi hukum yang lebih inklusif dan adil.

English

The concept of kalâlah in Islamic inheritance law concerns the inheritance rights of individuals who die without leaving a father or child. This topic is significant because the distribution of inheritance in kalâlah often raises debates related to gender equality and human rights (HR). This article aims to explore how Islamic inheritance law, particularly in the context of kalâlah , can be harmonized with HR principles such as gender equality and non-discrimination. The research method involves analyzing the texts of the Qur'an, hadith, and the interpretations of classical and contemporary scholars, combined with case studies from several Muslim countries. The results indicate that although Islamic inheritance law has strict provisions, there is room for reform through ijtihad and the adaptation of the law to changing social contexts. In conclusion, the application of Human Right principles in Islamic inheritance law can be achieved through legal revisions, intensive education and socialization, and the active role of scholars and religious leaders in promoting more inclusive and just legal interpretations. This research contributes new insights to the literature on Islamic inheritance law and HR by offering practical recommendations for more inclusive and equitable legal reform.

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